Mapping disparities in education across low- and middle-income countries

Author:

Abstract

AbstractEducational attainment is an important social determinant of maternal, newborn, and child health1–3. As a tool for promoting gender equity, it has gained increasing traction in popular media, international aid strategies, and global agenda-setting4–6. The global health agenda is increasingly focused on evidence of precision public health, which illustrates the subnational distribution of disease and illness7,8; however, an agenda focused on future equity must integrate comparable evidence on the distribution of social determinants of health9–11. Here we expand on the available precision SDG evidence by estimating the subnational distribution of educational attainment, including the proportions of individuals who have completed key levels of schooling, across all low- and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2017. Previous analyses have focused on geographical disparities in average attainment across Africa or for specific countries, but—to our knowledge—no analysis has examined the subnational proportions of individuals who completed specific levels of education across all low- and middle-income countries12–14. By geolocating subnational data for more than 184 million person-years across 528 data sources, we precisely identify inequalities across geography as well as within populations.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference62 articles.

1. UNESCO. Meeting our commitments to gender equality in education. Global Education Monitoring Report. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000261593 (2018).

2. United Nations. Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (UN, 2015).

3. Lim, S. S. et al. Measuring human capital: a systematic analysis of 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016. Lancet 392, 1217–1234 (2018).

4. Yousafzai, M. & Lamb, C. I am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by The Taliban (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2013).

5. Gates, M. The Moment of Lift: How Empowering Women Changes The World (Flatiron Books, 2019).

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