A benchmark JWST near-infrared spectrum for the exoplanet WASP-39 b
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Published:2024-07-10
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ISSN:2397-3366
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Container-title:Nature Astronomy
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nat Astron
Author:
Carter A. L.ORCID, May E. M.ORCID, Espinoza N.ORCID, Welbanks L.ORCID, Ahrer E.ORCID, Alderson L., Brahm R., Feinstein A. D.ORCID, Grant D.ORCID, Line M., Morello G.ORCID, O’Steen R.ORCID, Radica M.ORCID, Rustamkulov Z.ORCID, Stevenson K. B.ORCID, Turner J. D.ORCID, Alam M. K.ORCID, Anderson D. R.ORCID, Batalha N. M.ORCID, Battley M. P.ORCID, Bayliss D.ORCID, Bean J. L., Benneke B.ORCID, Berta-Thompson Z. K., Brande J.ORCID, Bryant E. M.ORCID, Burleigh M. R., Coulombe L.ORCID, Crossfield I. J. M., Damiano M.ORCID, Désert J.-M.ORCID, Flagg L.ORCID, Gill S., Inglis J., Kirk J.ORCID, Knutson H., Kreidberg L.ORCID, López Morales M.ORCID, Mansfield M.ORCID, Moran S. E., Murray C. A.ORCID, Nixon M. C.ORCID, Petit dit de la Roche D. J. M., Rackham B. V.ORCID, Schlawin E., Sing D. K.ORCID, Wakeford H. R.ORCID, Wallack N. L., Wheatley P. J.ORCID, Zieba S.ORCID, Aggarwal K.ORCID, Barstow J. K.ORCID, Bell T. J.ORCID, Blecic J., Caceres C.ORCID, Crouzet N.ORCID, Cubillos P. E., Daylan T.ORCID, de Val-Borro M., Decin L.ORCID, Fortney J. J., Gibson N. P., Heng K., Hu R.ORCID, Kempton E. M.-R.ORCID, Lagage P., Lothringer J. D.ORCID, Lustig-Yaeger J.ORCID, Mancini L.ORCID, Mayne N. J.ORCID, Mayorga L. C.ORCID, Molaverdikhani K.ORCID, Nasedkin E., Ohno K.ORCID, Parmentier V., Powell D., Redfield S.ORCID, Roy P., Taylor J., Zhang X.ORCID
Abstract
AbstractObserving exoplanets through transmission spectroscopy supplies detailed information about their atmospheric composition, physics and chemistry. Before the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), these observations were limited to a narrow wavelength range across the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared, alongside broadband photometry at longer wavelengths. To understand more complex properties of exoplanet atmospheres, improved wavelength coverage and resolution are necessary to robustly quantify the influence of a broader range of absorbing molecular species. Here we present a combined analysis of JWST transmission spectroscopy across four different instrumental modes spanning 0.5–5.2 μm using Early Release Science observations of the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39 b. Our uniform analysis constrains the orbital and stellar parameters within subpercentage precision, including matching the precision obtained by the most precise asteroseismology measurements of stellar density to date, and it further confirms the presence of Na, K, H2O, CO, CO2 and SO2 as atmospheric absorbers. Through this process, we have improved the agreement between the transmission spectra of all modes, except for the NIRSpec PRISM, which is affected by partial saturation of the detector. This work provides strong evidence that uniform light curve analysis is an important aspect to ensuring reliability when comparing the high-precision transmission spectra provided by JWST.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference66 articles.
1. Faedi, F. et al. WASP-39b: a highly inflated Saturn-mass planet orbiting a late G-type star. Astron. Astrophys. 531, A40 (2011). 2. Fischer, P. D. et al. HST hot-Jupiter transmission spectral survey: clear skies for cool Saturn WASP-39b. Astrophys. J. 827, 19 (2016). 3. Nikolov, N. et al. VLT FORS2 comparative transmission spectroscopy: detection of Na in the atmosphere of WASP-39b from the ground. Astrophys. J. 832, 191 (2016). 4. Wakeford, H. et al. The complete transmission spectrum of WASP-39b with a precise water constraint. Astron. J. 155, 29 (2018). 5. Kirk, J. et al. LRG-BEASTS: transmission spectroscopy and retrieval analysis of the highly inflated Saturn-mass planet WASP-39b. Astron. J. 158, 144 (2019).
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