Beiging of perivascular adipose tissue regulates its inflammation and vascular remodeling

Author:

Adachi YusukeORCID,Ueda KazutakaORCID,Nomura Seitaro,Ito KaoruORCID,Katoh ManamiORCID,Katagiri MikakoORCID,Yamada Shintaro,Hashimoto Masaki,Zhai Bowen,Numata GenriORCID,Otani Akira,Hinata Munetoshi,Hiraike YutaORCID,Waki Hironori,Takeda Norifumi,Morita Hiroyuki,Ushiku Tetsuo,Yamauchi Toshimasa,Takimoto Eiki,Komuro IsseiORCID

Abstract

AbstractAlthough inflammation plays critical roles in the development of atherosclerosis, its regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has been reported to undergo inflammatory changes in response to vascular injury. Here, we show that vascular injury induces the beiging (brown adipose tissue-like phenotype change) of PVAT, which fine-tunes inflammatory response and thus vascular remodeling as a protective mechanism. In a mouse model of endovascular injury, macrophages accumulate in PVAT, causing beiging phenotype change. Inhibition of PVAT beiging by genetically silencing PRDM16, a key regulator to beiging, exacerbates inflammation and vascular remodeling following injury. Conversely, activation of PVAT beiging attenuates inflammation and pathological vascular remodeling. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that beige adipocytes abundantly express neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) which critically regulate alternative macrophage activation. Importantly, significant beiging is observed in the diseased aortic PVAT in patients with acute aortic dissection. Taken together, vascular injury induces the beiging of adjacent PVAT with macrophage accumulation, where NRG4 secreted from the beige PVAT facilitates alternative activation of macrophages, leading to the resolution of vascular inflammation. Our study demonstrates the pivotal roles of PVAT in vascular inflammation and remodeling and will open a new avenue for treating atherosclerosis.

Funder

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary

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