Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans and mosquitoes influence natural Anopheline biting behavior and transmission

Author:

Markwalter Christine F.ORCID,Lapp Zena,Abel Lucy,Kimachas Emmah,Omollo Evans,Freedman Elizabeth,Chepkwony Tabitha,Amunga Mark,McCormick Tyler,Bérubé SophieORCID,Mangeni Judith N.,Wesolowski AmyORCID,Obala Andrew A.,Taylor Steve M.ORCID,Prudhomme O’Meara WendyORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe human infectious reservoir of Plasmodium falciparum is governed by transmission efficiency during vector-human contact and mosquito biting preferences. Understanding biting bias in a natural setting can help target interventions to interrupt transmission. In a 15-month cohort in western Kenya, we detected P. falciparum in indoor-resting Anopheles and human blood samples by qPCR and matched mosquito bloodmeals to cohort participants using short-tandem repeat genotyping. Using risk factor analyses and discrete choice models, we assessed mosquito biting behavior with respect to parasite transmission. Biting was highly unequal; 20% of people received 86% of bites. Biting rates were higher on males (biting rate ratio (BRR): 1.68; CI: 1.28–2.19), children 5–15 years (BRR: 1.49; CI: 1.13–1.98), and P. falciparum-infected individuals (BRR: 1.25; CI: 1.01–1.55). In aggregate, P. falciparum-infected school-age (5–15 years) boys accounted for 50% of bites potentially leading to onward transmission and had an entomological inoculation rate 6.4x higher than any other group. Additionally, infectious mosquitoes were nearly 3x more likely than non-infectious mosquitoes to bite P. falciparum-infected individuals (relative risk ratio 2.76, 95% CI 1.65–4.61). Thus, persistent P. falciparum transmission was characterized by disproportionate onward transmission from school-age boys and by the preference of infected mosquitoes to feed upon infected people.

Funder

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Cited by 2 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Host location by arthropod vectors: are microorganisms in control?;Current Opinion in Insect Science;2024-10

2. À la carte: how mosquitoes choose their blood meals;Trends in Parasitology;2024-07

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