Large-scale assembly of isotropic nanofiber aerogels based on columnar-equiaxed crystal transition

Author:

Li LeiORCID,Zhou Yiqian,Gao Yang,Feng Xuning,Zhang Fangshu,Li WeiweiORCID,Zhu BinORCID,Tian Ze,Fan PeixunORCID,Zhong MinlinORCID,Niu Huichang,Zhao ShanyuORCID,Wei XiaodingORCID,Zhu JiaORCID,Wu HuiORCID

Abstract

AbstractIce-templating technology holds great potential to construct industrial porous materials from nanometers to the macroscopic scale for tailoring thermal, electronic, or acoustic transport. Herein, we describe a general ice-templating technology through freezing the material on a rotating cryogenic drum surface, crushing it, and then re-casting the nanofiber slurry. Through decoupling the ice nucleation and growth processes, we achieved the columnar-equiaxed crystal transition in the freezing procedure. The highly random stacking and integrating of equiaxed ice crystals can organize nanofibers into thousands of repeating microscale units with a tortuous channel topology. Owing to the spatially well-defined isotropic structure, the obtained Al2O3·SiO2 nanofiber aerogels exhibit ultralow thermal conductivity, superelasticity, good damage tolerance, and fatigue resistance. These features, together with their natural stability up to 1200 °C, make them highly robust for thermal insulation under extreme thermomechanical environments. Cascading thermal runaway propagation in a high-capacity lithium-ion battery module consisting of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode, with ultrahigh thermal shock power of 215 kW, can be completely prevented by a thin nanofiber aerogel layer. These findings not only establish a general production route for nanomaterial assemblies that is conventionally challenging, but also demonstrate a high-energy-density battery module configuration with a high safety standard that is critical for practical applications.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary

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