Discovery of a three-proton insertion mechanism in α-molybdenum trioxide leading to enhanced charge storage capacity

Author:

Lei Yongjiu,Zhao Wenli,Yin JunORCID,Ma YinchangORCID,Zhao Zhiming,Yin Jian,Khan Yusuf,Hedhili Mohamed Nejib,Chen Long,Wang Qingxiao,Yuan Youyou,Zhang XixiangORCID,Bakr Osman M.ORCID,Mohammed Omar F.ORCID,Alshareef Husam N.ORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe α-molybdenum trioxide has attracted much attention for proton storage owing to its easily modified bilayer structure, fast proton insertion kinetics, and high theoretical specific capacity. However, the fundamental science of the proton insertion mechanism in α-molybdenum trioxide has not been fully understood. Herein, we uncover a three-proton intercalation mechanism in α-molybdenum trioxide using a specially designed phosphoric acid based liquid crystalline electrolyte. The semiconductor-to-metal transition behavior and the expansion of the lattice interlayers of α-molybdenum trioxide after trapping one mole of protons are verified experimentally and theoretically. Further investigation of the morphology of α-molybdenum trioxide indicates its fracture behavior upon the proton intercalation process, which creates diffusion channels for hydronium ions. Notably, the observation of an additional redox behavior at low potential endows α-molybdenum trioxide with an improved specific discharge capacity of 362 mAh g−1.

Funder

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary

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