Abstract
AbstractThe division of labour among DNA polymerase underlies the accuracy and efficiency of replication. However, the roles of replicative polymerases have not been directly established in human cells. We developed polymerase usage sequencing (Pu-seq) in HCT116 cells and mapped Polε and Polα usage genome wide. The polymerase usage profiles show Polε synthesises the leading strand and Polα contributes mainly to lagging strand synthesis. Combining the Polε and Polα profiles, we accurately predict the genome-wide pattern of fork directionality plus zones of replication initiation and termination. We confirm that transcriptional activity contributes to the pattern of initiation and termination and, by separately analysing the effect of transcription on co-directional and converging forks, demonstrate that coupled DNA synthesis of leading and lagging strands is compromised by transcription in both co-directional and convergent forks. Polymerase uncoupling is particularly evident in the vicinity of large genes, including the two most unstable common fragile sites, FRA3B and FRA3D, thus linking transcription-induced polymerase uncoupling to chromosomal instability. Together, our result demonstrated that Pu-seq in human cells provides a powerful and straightforward methodology to explore DNA polymerase usage and replication fork dynamics.
Funder
Wellcome Trust
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
MEXT | JST | Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology
MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency
Naito Foundation
Takeda Science Foundation
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary
Cited by
7 articles.
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