Neural étendue expander for ultra-wide-angle high-fidelity holographic display

Author:

Tseng EthanORCID,Kuo Grace,Baek Seung-Hwan,Matsuda Nathan,Maimone Andrew,Schiffers Florian,Chakravarthula Praneeth,Fu QiangORCID,Heidrich WolfgangORCID,Lanman Douglas,Heide FelixORCID

Abstract

AbstractHolographic displays can generate light fields by dynamically modulating the wavefront of a coherent beam of light using a spatial light modulator, promising rich virtual and augmented reality applications. However, the limited spatial resolution of existing dynamic spatial light modulators imposes a tight bound on the diffraction angle. As a result, modern holographic displays possess low étendue, which is the product of the display area and the maximum solid angle of diffracted light. The low étendue forces a sacrifice of either the field-of-view (FOV) or the display size. In this work, we lift this limitation by presenting neural étendue expanders. This new breed of optical elements, which is learned from a natural image dataset, enables higher diffraction angles for ultra-wide FOV while maintaining both a compact form factor and the fidelity of displayed contents to human viewers. With neural étendue expanders, we experimentally achieve 64 × étendue expansion of natural images in full color, expanding the FOV by an order of magnitude horizontally and vertically, with high-fidelity reconstruction quality (measured in PSNR) over 29 dB on retinal-resolution images.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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