Gut microbiota and fecal short chain fatty acids differ with adiposity and country of origin: the METS-microbiome study

Author:

Ecklu-Mensah GertrudeORCID,Choo-Kang CandiceORCID,Maseng Maria Gjerstad,Donato SonyaORCID,Bovet PascalORCID,Viswanathan Bharathi,Bedu-Addo Kweku,Plange-Rhule Jacob,Oti Boateng Prince,Forrester Terrence E.ORCID,Williams Marie,Lambert Estelle V.,Rae Dale,Sinyanya Nandipha,Luke AmyORCID,Layden Brian T.,O’Keefe Stephen,Gilbert Jack A.ORCID,Dugas Lara R.ORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe relationship between microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and obesity remains enigmatic. We employ amplicon sequencing and targeted metabolomics in a large (n = 1904) African origin cohort from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, and the US. Microbiota diversity and fecal SCFAs are greatest in Ghanaians, and lowest in Americans, representing each end of the urbanization spectrum. Obesity is significantly associated with a reduction in SCFA concentration, microbial diversity, and SCFA synthesizing bacteria, with country of origin being the strongest explanatory factor. Diabetes, glucose state, hypertension, obesity, and sex can be accurately predicted from the global microbiota, but when analyzed at the level of country, predictive accuracy is only universally maintained for sex. Diabetes, glucose, and hypertension are only predictive in certain low-income countries. Our findings suggest that adiposity-related microbiota differences differ between low-to-middle-income compared to high-income countries. Further investigation is needed to determine the factors driving this association.

Funder

Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary

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