Abstract
AbstractIn the central Arctic Ocean the formation of clouds and their properties are sensitive to the availability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The vapors responsible for new particle formation (NPF), potentially leading to CCN, have remained unidentified since the first aerosol measurements in 1991. Here, we report that all the observed NPF events from the Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition are driven by iodic acid with little contribution from sulfuric acid. Iodic acid largely explains the growth of ultrafine particles (UFP) in most events. The iodic acid concentration increases significantly from summer towards autumn, possibly linked to the ocean freeze-up and a seasonal rise in ozone. This leads to a one order of magnitude higher UFP concentration in autumn. Measurements of cloud residuals suggest that particles smaller than 30 nm in diameter can activate as CCN. Therefore, iodine NPF has the potential to influence cloud properties over the Arctic Ocean.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry
Reference89 articles.
1. Masson-Delmotte, et al. Global Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report. Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2018).
2. Manabe, S. & Wetherald, R. T. The effects of doubling the CO2 concentration on the climate of a General Circulation Model. J. Atmos. Sci. 32, 3–15 (1975).
3. Kay, J. E. et al. Recent advances in Arctic cloud and climate research. Curr. Clim. Chang. Rep. 2, 159–169 (2016).
4. Stevens, R. G. et al. A model intercomparison of CCN-limited tenuous clouds in the high Arctic. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 18, 11041–11071 (2018).
5. Kapsch, M. L., Graversen, R. G., Tjernström, M. & Bintanja, R. The effect of downwelling longwave and shortwave radiation on Arctic summer sea ice. J. Clim. 29, 1143–1159 (2016).
Cited by
127 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献