1. Behring, E. & Kitasato, S. Deutsch. med. Wochenschr. 16, 1113–1114 (1890).
2. In Les Virus (Alcan, Paris, 1891), S. Arloing says (p 285), “When the father is cured of a virulent infection, when he participates in the act of insemination he may transmit a part of the immunity which he enjoys. The male ovule … has been dynamically modified … it carries a vaccinating substance which spreads in all of the cells of the embryo and fetus.”
3. Fournier, E. Héredo-syphilis de Seconde Génération (Rueff, Paris,1905). At the time, it was speculated that not only could disease be transmitted by way of an “altered zygote,” but even across generations.
4. Ehrlich, P. Deutsch. med. Wochenschr. 17, 976– 979 & 1218–1219 (1891 ). (Translation: Ehrlich, P. in Collected Papers Vol. 2, 21–26 & 27–30, respectively, Pergamon, London, 1956–1960.)
5. The story of Ehrlich's work in this area is presented in greater detail in Silverstein, A.M. Cell Immunol. 174, 1–6 (1996 ).