Crystal structure of the obese protein Ieptin-E100

Author:

Zhang Faming,Basinski Margret B.,Beals John M.,Briggs Stephen L.,Churgay Lisa M.,Clawson David K.,DiMarchi Richard D.,Furman Thomas C.,Hale John E.,Hsiung Hansen M.,Schoner Brigitte E.,Smith Dennis P.,Zhang Xing Y.,Wery Jean-Pierre,Schevitz Richard W.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference1 articles.

1. 1. Coleman, D. L. Obese and diabetes: two mutant genes causing diabetes-obesity syndromes in mice. Diabetologia 14, 141-148 (1978). 2. Zhang, Y. et al. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 372, 425-432 (1994). 3. Cioffi, J. A. et al. Novel B219/OB receptor isoforms: possible role of leptin in hematopoiesis and reproduction. Nature Med. 2, 585-589 (1996). 4. Chehab, F. F., Mounzih, K., Lu, R. & Lim, M. E. Early onset of reproductive function in normal female mice treated with leptin. Science 275, 88-90 (1996). 5. Ahima, R. S. et al. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature 382, 250-252 (1996). 6. Tartaglia, L. A. et al. Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-R. Cell 83, 1263-1271 (1995). 7. Lee, G.-H. et al. Abnormal splicing of the leptin receptor in diabetic mice. Nature 379, 632-635 (1996). 8. Pelleymounter, M. A. et al. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation on ob/ob mice. Science 269, 540-543 (1995). 9. Halaas, J. L. et al. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science 269, 543-546 (1995). 10. Campfield, L. A. et al. Recombinant mouse OB protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science 269, 546-549 (1995). 11. Stephens, T. W. et al. The role of neuropeptide Y in the antiobesity action of the obese gene product. Nature 377, 530-532 (1996). 12. Caro, J. F. et al. Decreased cerebrospinal-fluid/serum leptin ratio in obesity: a possible mechanism for leptin resistance. Lancet 348, 159-161 (1996). 13. Heek, M. V. et al. Diet-induced obese mice develop peripheral, but not central, resistance to leptin. /. Clin. Invest. 99, 385-390 (1997). 14. Sprang, S. R. & Bazan, J. F. Cytokine structural taxonomy and mechanisms of receptor engagement. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 3, 815-827 (1993). 15. Madej, T., Boguski, M. S. & Bryant, S. H. Threading analysis suggests that the obese gene product may be a helical cytokine. FEES Lett. 373, 13-18 (1995). 16. Hill, C. P., Osslund, T. D. & Eisenberg, D. The structure of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor and its relationship to other growth factors. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5176-5171 (1993). 17. Robinson, R. C. et al. The crystal structure and biological function of leukemia inhibitory factor: implication for receptor binding. Cell 77, 1101-1116 (1994). 18. McDonald, N. Q., Panayotatos, N. & Hendrickson, W. A. Crystal structure of dimeric human ciliary neurotrophic factor determined by MAD phasing. EMBOJ. 14, 2689-2699 (1995). 19. De Vos, A. M., Ultsch, M. & Kossiakoff, A. A. Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: crystal structure of the complex. Science 255, 306-312 (1992). 20. Taniguchi, T. Cytokine signaling through nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases. Science 268, 251-255 (1995). 21. Vaisse, C. et al. Leptin activation of Stat3 in the hypothalamus of wild-type and ob/ob mice but not db/db mice. Nature Genet. 14, 95-97 (1996). 22. Ghilardi, N. etal. Defective STAT signaling by the leptin receptor in diabetic mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 6231-6235(1996). 23. Rozwarski, D. A. et al. Structural comparisons among the short-chain helical cytokines. Structure 2, 159-173 (1994). 24. Xu, G.-Y. et al. Complete 'H, l5N and 13C assignments, secondary structure, and topology of recombinant human interleukin-6./. Biomolecular NMR 8, 123-135 (1996). 25. Heldin, C.-H. Dimerization of cell surface receptors in signal transduction. Cell 80, 213-223 (1995). 26. Otwinowski, Z. Oscillation data reduction program. Proc. CCP4 Study Weekend 29-30, 56-62 (1993). 27. Collaborative Computing Project, No. 4. The CCP4 suite: programs for protein crystallography. Acta Crystallogr. D 50, 760-763 (1994). 28. Jones, T. A., Zou, J. Y., Cowan, S. W. & Kjeldgarrd, M. Improved methods for building protein models in electron density maps and the location of errors in these models. Acta Crystallogr. A 47, 110-119 (1991). 29. Brunger, A. T. XPLOR Version 3.1: A System for X-ray Crystallography and NMR (Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT, 1993).

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