Abstract
AbstractThe sodium D-line is often present in optical spectra of combustion due to its high prevalence and emissivity. Collision theory predicts the spectral peak to have a red-shift dependent on pressure, P, and temperature, T. Here we show that the conditions reached during deflagration of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) permit the red-shift of the sodium D-line to be calibrated to 1.5 GPa. Deflagration at these pressures is achieved using a split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus, with temperatures of circa 2900 K from the greybody continuum away from spectral features. Lower deflagration pressures, of 0.5 to 0.9 GPa, are achieved in a fallhammer test, with temperatures of circa 4000 K. The red-shift exhibits the predicted PT−0.7 dependence with a constant of proportionality of (950 ± 30) GPa-1 · K0.7 · nm. Using the serendipitous presence of sodium, this optical technique allows for fast measurements of both pressure and temperature from the same light source in one measurement.
Funder
Emmanuel College Avik Chakravarty Memorial Fund for Physics
AWE Defence Ordnance Safety Group, Science and Technology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Materials Chemistry,Biochemistry,Environmental Chemistry,General Chemistry
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