Author:
Schoenemann B.,Clarkson E. N. K.,Bartels C.,Südkamp W.,Rössner G. E.,Ryck U.
Abstract
AbstractTrilobites, extinct arthropods that dominated the faunas of the Palaeozoic, since their appearance c 523 million years ago, were equipped with elaborate compound eyes. While most of them possessed apposition compound eyes (in trilobites called holochroal eyes), comparable to the compound eyes of many diurnal crustaceans and insects living today, trilobites of the suborder Phacopina developed atypical large eyes with wide lenses and wide interspaces in between (schizochroal eyes). Here, we show that these compound eyes are highly sophisticated systems—hyper-compound eyes hiding an individual compound eye below each of the big lenses. Thus, each of the phacopid compound eyes comprises several tens, in cases even hundreds of small compound eye systems composing a single visual surface. We discuss their development, phylogenetic position of this hyper-compound eye, and its neuronal infrastructure. A hyper-compound eye in this form is unique in the animal realm.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference41 articles.
1. Schoenemann, B., Pärnaste, H. & Clarkson, E. N. K. Structure and function of a compound eye, more than half a billion years old. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sc. USA 114, 13489–13494 (2017).
2. Kühl, G., Bartels, C., Briggs, D. E. G. & Rust, J. Visions of a Vanished World (Yale University Press, 2012).
3. Selden, P. & Nudds, J. Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems (CRC Press, 2012).
4. Broili, F. Ein Trilobit mit Gliedmaßen aus dem Unterdevon der Rheinprovinz 71–82 (Ferdinand Broili, Berlin, 1929).
5. Broili, F. Weitere Funde von Trilobiten mit Gliedmaßen aus dem rheinischen Unterdevon. N. Jb. Miner. Geol. Paläont. B 64, 293–306 (1930).
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献