Author:
Lee Kevin,Bohnert Sara,Bouchard Matthew,Vair Cory,Farrell Jordan S.,Teskey G. Campbell,Mikler John,Dunn Jeff F.
Abstract
AbstractOrganophosphorus compounds, such as chemical warfare nerve agents and pesticides, are known to cause neurological damage. This study measured nerve agent-related neuropathology and determined whether quantitative T2 MRI could be used as a biomarker of neurodegeneration. Quantitative T2 MRI was performed using a 9.4 T MRI on rats prior to and following soman exposure. T2 images were taken at least 24 h prior, 1 h and 18–24 h after soman exposure. Rats were pre- and post-treated with HI-6 dimethanesulfonate and atropine methyl nitrate. A multicomponent T2 acquisition and analysis was performed. Brains were stained with Fluoro-Jade C to assess neurodegeneration. Rats exposed to soman developed behavioral expression of electrographic seizures. At 18–24 h after soman exposure, significant increases in T2, a possible marker of edema, were found in multiple regions. The largest changes were in the piriform cortex (before: 47.7 ± 1.4 ms; 18–24 h: 82.3 ± 13.4 ms). Fluoro-Jade C staining showed significant neurodegeneration 18–24 h post exposure. The piriform cortex had the strongest correlation between the change in relaxation rate and percent neurodegeneration (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). These findings indicate there is regionally specific neurodegeneration 24 h after exposure to soman. The high correlation between T2 relaxivity and histopathology supports the use of T2 as a marker of injury.
Funder
Defence Research and Development Canada
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cited by
2 articles.
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