Author:
Abu Bakar Nur Ain Fatinah,Ahmad Aryati,Wan Musa Wan Zulaika,Shahril Mohd Razif,Wan-Arfah Nadiah,Abdul Majid Hazreen,Piernas Carmen,Ramli Ahmad Wazi,Naing Nyi Nyi
Abstract
AbstractThis study aimed to determine the association between dietary pattern (DP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) among high-risk adults as determined by metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study involved 365 participants with (CHD = 178; non-CHD = 187) who were recruited from selected health clinics. Dietary intake was measured using a 189-item semi-quantitative foods frequency questionnaire (FFQ) whilst anthropometry and clinical data were measured by trained researcher and biochemical data were obtained from medical records. The reduced rank regression (RRR) method was used to derive DPs scores and binary logistic regression was used to assess the associations between identified DPs and CHD. The main DP found in this study was characterised by “high saturated fatty acid (SFA), high dietary energy density (DED), high sodium”. This DP, which is attributed to high consumption of coconut-based dishes, fast foods and snacks, rice dishes, fat spread, seasoning sauces, salted and processed foods, and low intake of fruits, green leafy vegetables, white rice and other vegetables were associated with CHD (OR:1.32, 95% CI:1.03, 1.69) p value = 0.026 when, adjusted for age, sex, race, education level, household income, family history of CHD, marital status, smoking status, physical activity, stress level and BMI. This study suggests that individuals with a DP of high SFA, high DED, and high sodium have a significantly increased likelihood of having CHD compared to those who do not practice this DP.
Funder
Special Research Grant Scheme (SRGS)
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference65 articles.
1. World Health Organization (WHO). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds) (2021).
2. World Health Organization (WHO). Global Health Observatory (GHO) data, NCD mortality and morbidity. https://www.who.int/gho/ncd/mortality_morbidity/en/ (2020).
3. Khan, M. A. et al. Global epidemiology of ischemic heart disease: Results from the global burden of disease study. Cureus. 12, 7. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.9349 (2020).
4. Department of Statistics Malaysia. Statistics on Causes of Death, Malaysia 2020. https://www.dosm.gov.my (2020).
5. Trier, T. J. et al. Lifestyle management to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Evidence and challenges. Netherlands Heart J. 30, 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-021-01642-y (2022).
Cited by
9 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献