Author:
Calvet Guilherme Amaral,Kara Edna Oliveira,Bôtto-Menezes Camila Helena Aguiar,da Costa Castilho Marcia,de Oliveira Franca Rafael Freitas,Habib Ndema,Neto Armando Menezes,Pereira Gerson Fernando Mendes,Giozza Silvana Pereira,Bermúdez Ximena Pamela Díaz,Fernandes Tatiana Jorge,Modjarrad Kayvon,Brasil Patrícia,Broutet Nathalie Jeanne Nicole,de Filippis Ana Maria Bispo,Lima Morganna Costa,
Abstract
AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the detection and duration of the Zika virus (ZIKV) in plasma, urine, saliva, sweat, rectal swabs, vaginal secretions, breast milk, and semen and to explore risk factors associated with prolonged viral persistence. A prospective cohort study of symptomatic patients and their household contacts was conducted in Brazil from July 2017 to June 2019. A total of 260 individuals (184 women and 76 men) with confirmed ZIKV infection were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. ZIKV RNA was present in all body fluid specimens and detectable for extended periods in urine, sweat, rectal swabs, and semen. The longest detection duration was found in semen, with high viral loads in the specimens. ZIKV RNA clearance was associated with several factors, including age, sex, education level, body mass index, non-purulent conjunctivitis, joint pain, and whether the participant had a history of yellow fever vaccination. The influence of each of these factors on the low or fast viral clearance varied according to the specific body fluid under investigation. Recurrent ZIKV detection events after total viral clearance were observed in the cohort. Our findings provide valuable insights into the persistence and potential recurrence of ZIKV infection, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and follow-up of individuals infected with ZIKV and for effective prevention measures to reduce the risk of transmission.
Funder
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Ministério da Saúde
Henry M. Jackson Foundation
World Health Organization
Wellcome Trust
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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