Longitudinal changes in resting state fMRI brain self-similarity of asymptomatic high school American football athletes

Author:

Fitzgerald Bradley,Bari Sumra,Vike Nicole,Lee Taylor A.,Lycke Roy J.,Auger Joshua D.,Leverenz Larry J.,Nauman Eric,Goñi Joaquín,Talavage Thomas M.

Abstract

AbstractAmerican football has become the focus of numerous studies highlighting a growing concern that cumulative exposure to repetitive, sports-related head acceleration events (HAEs) may have negative consequences for brain health, even in the absence of a diagnosed concussion. In this longitudinal study, brain functional connectivity was analyzed in a cohort of high school American football athletes over a single play season and compared against participants in non-collision high school sports. Football athletes underwent four resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions: once before (pre-season), twice during (in-season), and once 34–80 days after the contact activities play season ended (post-season). For each imaging session, functional connectomes (FCs) were computed for each athlete and compared across sessions using a metric reflecting the (self) similarity between two FCs. HAEs were monitored during all practices and games throughout the season using head-mounted sensors. Relative to the pre-season scan session, football athletes exhibited decreased FC self-similarity at the later in-season session, with apparent recovery of self-similarity by the time of the post-season session. In addition, both within and post-season self-similarity was correlated with cumulative exposure to head acceleration events. These results suggest that repetitive exposure to HAEs produces alterations in functional brain connectivity and highlight the necessity of collision-free recovery periods for football athletes.

Funder

National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship

Allied Milk Producers

BrainScope Company

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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