Author:
Ault Russell C.,Headley Colwyn A.,Hare Alexander E.,Carruthers Bridget J.,Mejias Asuncion,Turner Joanne
Abstract
AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death due to a single infectious disease. Knowing when a person was infected with Mycobacteriumtuberculosis (M.tb) is critical as recent infection is the strongest clinical risk factor for progression to TB disease in immunocompetent individuals. However, time since M.tb infection is challenging to determine in routine clinical practice. To define a biomarker for recent TB exposure, we determined whether gene expression patterns in blood RNA correlated with time since M.tb infection or exposure. First, we found RNA signatures that accurately discriminated early and late time periods after experimental infection in mice and cynomolgus macaques. Next, we found a 6-gene blood RNA signature that identified recently exposed individuals in two independent human cohorts, including adult household contacts of TB cases and adolescents who recently acquired M.tb infection. Our work supports the need for future longitudinal studies of recent TB contacts to determine whether biomarkers of recent infection can provide prognostic information of TB disease risk in individuals and help map recent transmission in communities.
Funder
The Ohio State University Dean's Distinguished University Fellowship
National Institutes of Health
Texas Biomedical Forum
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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