Genome-wide identification, characterization and gene expression of BES1 transcription factor family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

Abstract

AbstractBES1, as the most important transcription factor responsible for brassinolide (BR) signaling, has been confirmed to play a significant role in regulating plant growth and the improvement of stress resistance. The transcriptional regulatory mechanism of BES1 has been well elucidated in several plants, such asArabidopsis thaliana(A. thaliana),Triticum aestivumL. (T. aestivum), andOryza sativaL. (O. sativa). Nevertheless, the genome-wide analysis of the BES1 family inVitis viniferaL. (V. vinifera). has not been comprehensively carried out. Thus, we have conducted a detailed analysis and identification of the BES1 transcription factors family inV. vinifera; a total of eight VvBES1 genes was predicted, and the phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, andCis-acting element in their promoters were also analyzed. BES1 genes have been divided into three groups (I, II and III) based on phylogenetic relationship analysis, and most of VvBES1 genes were in group III. Also, we found that VvBES1 genes was located at seven of the total nineteen chromosomes, whereas VvBES1-2 (Vitvi04g01234) and VvBES1-5 (Vitvi18g00924) had a collinearity relationship, and their three copies are well preserved. In addition, the intron–exon model of VvBES1 genes were mostly conserved, and there existed severalCis-acting elements related to stress resistance responsive and phytohormones responsive in BES1s genes promoter. Moreover, the BES1 expressions were different in differentV. viniferaorgans, and BES1 expressions were different in differentV. viniferavarieties under saline-alkali stress and heat stress, the expression of VvBES1 also changed with the prolongation of saline-alkali stress treatment time. The above findings could not only lay a primary foundation for the further validation of VvBES1 function, but could also provide a reference for molecular breeding inV. vinifera.