Author:
Willgert Katriina,Didelot Xavier,Surendran-Nair Meera,Kuchipudi Suresh V.,Ruden Rachel M.,Yon Michele,Nissly Ruth H.,Vandegrift Kurt J.,Nelli Rahul K.,Li Lingling,Jayarao Bhushan M.,Levine Nicole,Olsen Randall J.,Davis James J.,Musser James M.,Hudson Peter J.,Kapur Vivek,Conlan Andrew J. K.
Abstract
AbstractThe emergence of a novel pathogen in a susceptible population can cause rapid spread of infection. High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has been reported in multiple locations, likely resulting from several human-to-deer spillover events followed by deer-to-deer transmission. Knowledge of the risk and direction of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between humans and potential reservoir hosts is essential for effective disease control and prioritisation of interventions. Using genomic data, we reconstruct the transmission history of SARS-CoV-2 in humans and deer, estimate the case finding rate and attempt to infer relative rates of transmission between species. We found no evidence of direct or indirect transmission from deer to human. However, with an estimated case finding rate of only 4.2%, spillback to humans cannot be ruled out. The extensive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within deer populations and the large number of unsampled cases highlights the need for active surveillance at the human–animal interface.
Funder
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
National Institute for Health Research
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Award
NSF Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases program grant
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health grants
United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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