1. Mann, K. H. Leeches (Hirudinea): Their structure, physiology. Ecology and Embryology. Oxford: Pergamon Press (1962).
2. Sawyer, R. T. Leech biology and behavior (Vols. 1–3). Oxford University Press (1986).
3. Ko, D. H. & Lai, Y. T. On the origin of leeches by evolution of development. Dev. Growth Differ. 61, 43–57 (2019).
4. Burreson, E. M. Marine and estuarine leeches (Hirudinea: Ozobranchidae and Piscicolidae) of Australia and New Zealand with a key to the species. Invertebr. Syst. 34(3), 235–259 (2020).
5. Kearn, G. C. Leeches. Leeches, lice and lampreys: A natural history of skin and gill parasites of fishes. Springer Science & Business Media (2005).