Author:
Yang Chihpin,Sugimoto Kana,Murata Yukie,Hirata Yuichiro,Kamakura Yu,Koyama Yoshihisa,Miyashita Yohei,Nakama Kentaro,Higashisaka Kazuma,Harada Kazuo,Katada Ryuichi,Matsumoto Hiroshi
Abstract
AbstractNumerous dark-brown-coloured small spots called “Wischnewski spots” are often observed in the gastric mucosa in the patients dying of hypothermia, but the molecular mechanisms through which they develop remain unclear. We hypothesised that hypothermia may activate the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, leading to the development of the spots. To investigate this, we performed experiments using organotypic rat gastric tissue slices cultured at 37 °C (control) or 32 °C (cold). Cold loading for 6 h lowered the extracellular pH in the culture medium. The mRNA expression of gastrin, which regulates gastric acid secretion, increased after cold loading for 3 h. Cold loading increased the expression of gastric H+,K+-ATPase pump protein in the apical canalicular membrane and resulted in dynamic morphological changes in parietal cells. Cold loading resulted in an increased abundance of pepsin C protein and an elevated mRNA expression of its precursor progastricsin. Collectively, our findings clarified that cold stress induces acidification by activating gastric H+,K+-ATPase pumps and promoting pepsin C release through inducing progastricsin expression on the gastric mucosa, leading to tiny haemorrhages or erosions of the gastric mucosa that manifest as Wischnewski spots in fatal hypothermia.
Funder
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference33 articles.
1. Brown, D. J., Brugger, H., Boyd, J. & Paal, P. Accidental hypothermia. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 1930–1938, https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1114208 (2012).
2. Baumgartner, E. A., Belson, M., Rubin, C. & Patel, M. Hypothermia and other cold-related morbidity emergency department visits: United States, 1995–2004. Wilderness Environ. Med. 19, 233–237, https://doi.org/10.1580/07-WEME-OR-104.1 (2008).
3. Turk, E. E. Hypothermia. Forensic Sci. Med. Pathol. 6, 106–115, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-010-9142-4 (2010).
4. Golden, F. S. Proceedings: Recognition and treatment of immersion hypothermia. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 66, 1058–1061 (1973).
5. Vretenar, D. F., Urschel, J. D., Parrott, J. C. & Unruh, H. W. Cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation for accidental hypothermia. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 58, 895–898 (1994).
Cited by
9 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献