Author:
Al-sareji Osamah J.,Meiczinger Mónika,Al-Juboori Raed A.,Grmasha Ruqayah Ali,Andredaki Manolia,Somogyi Viola,Idowu Ibijoke A.,Stenger-Kovács Csilla,Jakab Miklós,Lengyel Edina,Hashim Khalid S.
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, pomegranate peels (PPs) as an abundant fruit processing waste was used to produce cost-effective, eco-friendly, and high-quality activated carbon. The produced carbon (fossil free activated carbon) was used for immobilizing laccase to remove a range of emerging pollutants namely diclofenac, amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and ciprofloxacin from water and wastewater. The loaded activated carbon by laccase (LMPPs) and the unloaded one (MPPs) were characterized using advanced surface chemistry analysis techniques. MPPs was found to have a porous structure with a large surface area and an abundance of acidic functional groups. Laccase immobilization reduced surface area but added active degradation sites. The optimal immobilization parameters were determined as pH 4, 35 °C, and a laccase concentration of 2.5 mg/mL resulting in a 69.8% immobilization yield. The adsorption of the emerging pollutant onto MPPs is best characterized as a spontaneous endothermic process that adheres to the Langmuir isotherm and first-order kinetics. Using synergistic adsorption and enzymatic degradation, the target pollutants (50 mg/L) were eliminated in 2 h. In both water types, LMPPs outperformed MPPs. This study shows that pomegranate peels can effectively be harnessed as an enzyme carrier and adsorbent for the removal of emerging pollutants even from a complex sample matrix. The removal of contaminants from wastewater lasted five cycles, whereas it continued up to six cycles for water.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference86 articles.
1. Ringler, C. et al. Global linkages among energy, food and water: An economic assessment. J. Environ. Stud. Sci. 6, 161–171 (2016).
2. UNEP, United Nations Environment Programme and United Nations Human Settlements Programme. Sick Water: The Central Role of Wastewater Management in Sustainable Development—A Rapid Response Assessment. https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/9156 Accessed 13 Mar 2023 (2010)
3. Büttner, O., Jawitz, J. W., Birk, S. & Borchardt, D. Why wastewater treatment fails to protect stream ecosystems in Europe. Water Res. 217, 118382 (2022).
4. Grmasha, R. A. et al. Ecological and human health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in Tigris river near the oil refineries in Iraq. Environ. Res. 227, 115791 (2023).
5. Sauvé, S. & Desrosiers, M. A review of what is an emerging contaminant. Chem. Cent. J. 8, 1–7 (2014).
Cited by
12 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献