Monte Carlo approach to risks assessment of heavy metals at automobile spare part and recycling market in Ilorin, Nigeria

Author:

Orosun Muyiwa MichaelORCID,Adewuyi Abayomi Daniel,Salawu Naheem BanjiORCID,Isinkaye Matthew OmoniyiORCID,Orosun Olugbenga Rapheal,Oniku Adetola Sunday

Abstract

AbstractThis study evaluates the sources and health risks associated with heavy metals in Ipata spare part market in Ilorin, Nigeria. Soil and water samples were collected within and outside the market for heavy metal (As, Pb, Mg, Mn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe and Ag) analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results indicate that all the heavy metals analyzed show higher concentration within the recycling market than the control location. The concentration of heavy metals at the market decreases with an increasing depth between 0 and 50 cm and appears to be stable below 50 cm of the soil depth. All the Hazard Indices (HI) estimated for the soil samples are less than one (< 1) which is the standard set by USEPA, whereas, the Hazard Index (HI) for the water samples within the station is greater than 1. The Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) for soil samples ranged from level I to level V, while that of water samples ranged from level VI to Level VII based on Delphii method of classification. This shows that the main lifetime cancer risk occurs through the water exposure pathway. Similarly, according to the mean, P5% and P95% cumulative probability using the Monte Carlo simulation, the ILCR is above the acceptable range of 1.00E−6 and 1.00E−4. All the pollution indices reveal that the significant pollution at the park is more of anthropogenic than pedogenic and lithogenic. Therefore, the market is contributing immensely to environmental pollution which may lead to unforeseen danger to human health.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference51 articles.

1. Nduka, J. K., Kelle, H. I., Ogoko, E. C. & Okafor, P. C. Review of Environmental and Public Health Impact of Automobile Wastes and Automobile Transportation in Nigeria, Environmental Factors Affecting Human Health, Ivan Uher (IntechOpen, New York, 2019).

2. Nduka, J. K., Amuka, J. O., Onwuka, J. C., Ndowelle, N. A. & Orisakwe, O. E. Human health risk assessment of lead, manganese and copper from scrapped car paint dust from a automobile workshops in Nigeria. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23(20), 20341–20349 (2016).

3. Marcovecchio, J. E., Botté, S. E. & Freije, R. H. Heavy metals, major metals, trace elements. Handb. Water Anal. 2, 275–311 (2007).

4. Orosun, M. M. et al. Magnetic susceptibility measurement and heavy metal pollution at an automobile station in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria. Environ. Res. Commun. 2, 015001. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ab636a (2020).

5. Duffus, J. H. Heavy metals" a meaningless term? (IUPAC technical report). Pure Appl. Chem. 74(5), 793–807 (2002).

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3