Author:
Ladoy Anaïs,Vallarta-Robledo Juan R.,De Ridder David,Sandoval José Luis,Stringhini Silvia,Da Costa Henrique,Guessous Idris,Joost Stéphane
Abstract
AbstractThough Switzerland has one of the highest life expectancies in the world, this global indicator may mask significant disparities at a local level. The present study used a spatial cluster detection approach based on individual death records to investigate the geographical footprint of life expectancy inequalities in the state of Geneva, Switzerland. Individual-level mortality data (n = 22,751) were obtained from Geneva’s official death notices (2009–2016). We measured life expectancy inequalities using the years of potential life lost or gained (YPLLG) metric, defined as the difference between an individual’s age at death and their life expectancy at birth. We assessed the spatial dependence of YPLLG across the state of Geneva using spatial autocorrelation statistics (Local Moran’s I). To ensure the robustness of the patterns discovered, we ran the analyses for ten random subsets of 10,000 individuals taken from the 22,751 deceased. We also repeated the spatial analysis for YPLLG before and after controlling for individual-level and neighborhood-level covariates. The results showed that YPLLG was not randomly distributed across the state of Geneva. The ten random subsets revealed no significant difference with the geographic footprint of YPLLG and the population characteristics within Local Moran cluster types, suggesting robustness for the observed spatial structure. The proportion of women, the proportion of Swiss, the neighborhood median income, and the neighborhood median age were all significantly lower for populations in low YPLLG clusters when compared to populations in high YPLLG clusters. After controlling for individual-level and neighborhood-level covariates, we observed a reduction of 43% and 39% in the size of low and high YPLLG clusters, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Switzerland using spatial cluster detection methods to investigate inequalities in life expectancy at a local scale and based on individual data. We identified clear geographic footprints of YPLLG, which may support further investigations and guide future public health interventions at the local level.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference51 articles.
1. Murray, C. J., Salomon, J. A. & Mathers, C. A critical examination of summary measures of population health. Bull. World Health Organ. 78, 981–994 (2000).
2. European Public Health Alliance (EPHA). Health Inequalities a Public Health Challenge for European Policy Makers (European Public Health Alliance, 2019).
3. Marmot, M. Health equity in England: The Marmot review 10 years on. BMJ 368, m693 (2020).
4. Lewer, D. et al. Premature mortality attributable to socioeconomic inequality in England between 2003 and 2018: An observational study. Lancet Public Health 5, e33–e41 (2020).
5. Marmot, M. Status syndrome. Significance 1, 150–154 (2004).
Cited by
6 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献