Inappropriate Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate with Dry Powder Inhaler in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

AbstractOptimal peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) is crucial for optimizing dry powder inhaler (DPI) effectiveness for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study provide an insight that there was a substantial proportion of improper PIFRs (not only insufficient but also excessive) among COPD patients using DPIs. We enrolled 138 COPD patients from a medical center in Taiwan and measured PIFRs against different internal resistances of DPIs. Proportion of excessive, optimal, suboptimal, and insufficient PIFRs were 2%, 54%, 41%, 3%, respectively, against medium-high resistance; 2%, 77%, 20%, 1%, respectively, against medium resistance; 27%, 63%, 9%, 1%, respectively, against medium-low resistance; and 42%, 57%, 1%, 0%, respectively, against low resistance (p < 0.01). Although most PIFRs against medium-high (54%), medium (77%), medium-low (63%) and low (57%) resistance were optimal, a substantial proportion of PIFRs against low resistance were excessive (42%, p < 0.01), irrespective of age, body-mass index, dyspnea severity score, and COPD severity. Insufficient PIFRs were infrequent, but suboptimal/insufficient PIFRs were most prevalent in patients older than 75 years than in younger patients (36% vs. 56%, p = 0.036) against medium-high resistance. Regularly monitoring PIFRs against the specific resistance of the DPIs and instructing patients to employ a proper inspiration effort may help to optimize the effects of DPIs.