Human plasma protein corona decreases the toxicity of pillar-layer metal organic framework

Abstract

AbstractThis scenario was designed to investigate the protein corona pattern on the pillar-layer surface of a Cu-based metal–organic framework (MOF) in human plasma. The [Cu(L)(L/)].1.3DMA (MOF-1) {L = 4, 4/-bipyridine and L/ = 5-aminoisophthalic acid}, was synthesized through the sonochemical irradiation approach as well as characterized by various techniques like scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The space group was determined to be an orthorhombic space group (Pbam) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray analyses on MOF-1 showed that Cu+2 ion was 6-coordinated. Besides, to study and clarify interactions between MOFs and biological milieu, human whole blood plasma was selected as a model. Fluorescence spectroscopy and SDS-PAGE techniques were employed to explore quantitative and qualitative in situ characterization of protein corona as well. Furthermore, cell viability in a cancerous cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay in the presence and absence of the corona. The results from SDS-PAGE illustrated that the most adsorbed quantity among plasma proteins belongs to fibrinogen (α, β and γ chains), and this protein showed the maximum frequency on the MOF-1s surface, so the possible interactions of MOF-1s with fibrinogen also studied using fluorescence spectroscopy and corresponding data were plotted. According to the obtained data from MTT assay, these structures have concentration-dependent toxicity. In brief, based on the obtained data in the current study, the designed MOF can be introduced as a new desirable carrier for drug/gen delivery after further prerequisite assessments.