Author:
Giroud Sylvain,Chery Isabelle,Arrivé Mathilde,Prost Michel,Zumsteg Julie,Heintz Dimitri,Evans Alina L.,Gauquelin-Koch Guillemette,Arnemo Jon M.,Swenson Jon E.,Lefai Etienne,Bertile Fabrice,Simon Chantal,Blanc Stéphane
Abstract
AbstractTo investigate mechanisms by which hibernators avoid atherogenic hyperlipidemia during hibernation, we assessed lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolisms of free-ranging Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos). In winter- and summer-captured bears, we measured lipoprotein sizes and sub-classes, triglyceride-related plasma-enzyme activities, and muscle lipid composition along with plasma-levels of antioxidant capacities and inflammatory markers. Although hibernating bears increased nearly all lipid levels, a 36%-higher cholesteryl-ester transfer-protein activity allowed to stabilize lipid composition of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Levels of inflammatory metabolites, i.e., 7-ketocholesterol and 11ß-prostaglandin F2α, declined in winter and correlated inversely with cardioprotective HDL2b-proportions and HDL-sizes that increased during hibernation. Lower muscle-cholesterol concentrations and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity in winter suggest that hibernating bears tightly controlled peripheral-cholesterol synthesis and/or release. Finally, greater plasma-antioxidant capacities prevented excessive lipid-specific oxidative damages in plasma and muscles of hibernating bears. Hence, the brown bear manages large lipid fluxes during hibernation, without developing adverse atherogenic effects that occur in humans and non-hibernators.
Funder
Austrian Science Fund
National Centre for Research and Development
French Space Agency
IdEx H2E Projex of the University of Strasbourg
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cited by
6 articles.
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