Author:
Oliveira Hellen Braga Martins,Selis Nathan das Neves,Sampaio Beatriz Almeida,Júnior Manoel Neres Santos,de Carvalho Suzi Pacheco,de Almeida Jéssica Bomfim,Almeida Palloma Porto,da Silva Icaro Bonyek Santos,Oliveira Caline Novais Teixeira,Brito Thamara Louisy Santos,da Silva Letícia de Oliveira,Teixeira Mariana Morais,Coelho Hanna Izadora Laís Novaes,Barbosa Camila Dutra,Andrade Yasmin Monara Ferreira de Sousa,Bittencourt Rafaela de Souza,Viana Jully Chayra Santos,Campos Guilherme Barreto,Timenetsky Jorge,Uetanabaro Ana Paula T.,Yatsuda Regiane,Marques Lucas Miranda
Abstract
AbstractMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. Citral has been studied in the pharmaceutical industry and has shown antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of citral in inhibiting biofilm formation and modulating virulence genes, with the ultimate goal of finding a strategy for treating infections caused by MRSA strains. Citral showed antimicrobial activity against MRSA isolates with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 5 mg/mL (0.5%) and 40 mg/mL (4%), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values between 10 mg/mL (1%) and 40 mg/mL (4%). The sub-inhibitory dose was 2.5 mg/mL (0.25%). Citral, in an antibiogram, modulated synergistically, antagonistically, or indifferent to the different antibiotics tested. Prior to evaluating the antibiofilm effects of citral, we classified the bacteria according to their biofilm production capacity. Citral showed greater efficacy in the initial stage, and there was a significant reduction in biofilm formation compared to the mature biofilm. qPCR was used to assess the modulation of virulence factor genes, and icaA underexpression was observed in isolates 20 and 48. For icaD, seg, and sei, an increase was observed in the expression of ATCC 33,591. No significant differences were found for eta and etb. Citral could be used as a supplement to conventional antibiotics for MRSA infections.
Funder
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC