Author:
Bozlak Elif,Radovic Lara,Remer Viktoria,Rigler Doris,Allen Lucy,Brem Gottfried,Stalder Gabrielle,Castaneda Caitlin,Cothran Gus,Raudsepp Terje,Okuda Yu,Moe Kyaw Kyaw,Moe Hla Hla,Kounnavongsa Bounthavone,Keonouchanh Soukanh,Van Nguyen Huu,Vu Van Hai,Shah Manoj Kumar,Nishibori Masahide,Kazymbet Polat,Bakhtin Meirat,Zhunushov Asankadyr,Paul Ripon Chandra,Dashnyam Bumbein,Nozawa Ken,Almarzook Saria,Brockmann Gudrun A.,Reissmann Monika,Antczak Douglas F.,Miller Donald C.,Sadeghi Raheleh,von Butler-Wemken Ines,Kostaras Nikos,Han Haige,Manglai Dugarjaviin,Abdurasulov Abdugani,Sukhbaatar Boldbaatar,Ropka-Molik Katarzyna,Stefaniuk-Szmukier Monika,Lopes Maria Susana,da Câmara Machado Artur,Kalashnikov Valery V.,Kalinkova Liliya,Zaitev Alexander M.,Novoa‐Bravo Miguel,Lindgren Gabriella,Brooks Samantha,Rosa Laura Patterson,Orlando Ludovic,Juras Rytis,Kunieda Tetsuo,Wallner Barbara
Abstract
AbstractThe Y chromosome carries information about the demography of paternal lineages, and thus, can prove invaluable for retracing both the evolutionary trajectory of wild animals and the breeding history of domesticates. In horses, the Y chromosome shows a limited, but highly informative, sequence diversity, supporting the increasing breeding influence of Oriental lineages during the last 1500 years. Here, we augment the primary horse Y-phylogeny, which is currently mainly based on modern horse breeds of economic interest, with haplotypes (HT) segregating in remote horse populations around the world. We analyze target enriched sequencing data of 5 Mb of the Y chromosome from 76 domestic males, together with 89 whole genome sequenced domestic males and five Przewalski’s horses from previous studies. The resulting phylogeny comprises 153 HTs defined by 2966 variants and offers unprecedented resolution into the history of horse paternal lineages. It reveals the presence of a remarkable number of previously unknown haplogroups in Mongolian horses and insular populations. Phylogenetic placement of HTs retrieved from 163 archaeological specimens further indicates that most of the present-day Y-chromosomal variation evolved after the domestication process that started around 4200 years ago in the Western Eurasian steppes. Our comprehensive phylogeny significantly reduces ascertainment bias and constitutes a robust evolutionary framework for analyzing horse population dynamics and diversity.
Funder
Austrian Science Fund
Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Russian Science Foundation
European Research Council
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cited by
1 articles.
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