Author:
Wróbel-Pawelczyk Izabela,Ronkiewicz Patrycja,Wanke-Rytt Monika,Rykowska Dominika,Górska-Kot Aneta,Włodkowska Katarzyna,Topczewska-Cabanek Agnieszka,Jackowska Teresa,Chruszcz Joanna,Marchut Walentyna,Mastalerz-Migas Agnieszka,Korzeniewski Krzysztof,Gastoł Karolina,Gromek Marta,Jankowska-Sasin Katarzyna,Karpierz Katarzyna,Okarska-Napierała Magdalena,Pokorna-Kałwak Dagmara,Polit Agata,Robakiewicz Julia,Rygalski Maciej,Siwonia Anna,Strzałka Martyna,Szenborn Leszek,Szwejkowska Martyna,Szymańska-Toczek Zofia,Zaleska Izabela,Żołnierowicz Katarzyna,Skoczyńska Anna,Trzciński Krzysztof,
Abstract
AbstractWe investigated pneumococcal carriage among unvaccinated children under five years of age at a time when the conjugate polysaccharide vaccine (PCV) was introduced in Poland into the national immunization program (NIP). Paired nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and saliva samples collected between 2016 and 2020 from n = 394 children were tested with conventional culture and using qPCR. The carriage rate detected by culture was 25.4% (97 of 394), by qPCR 39.1% (155 of 394), and 40.1% (158 of 394) overall. The risk of carriage was significantly elevated among day care center attendees, and during autumn/winter months. Among isolates cultured, the most common serotypes were: 23A, 6B, 15BC, 10A, 11A. The coverage of PCV10 and PCV13 was 23.2% (23 of 99) and 26.3% (26 of 99), respectively. Application of qPCR lead to detection of 168 serotype carriage events, with serogroups 15, 6, 9 and serotype 23A most commonly detected. Although the highest number of carriers was identified by testing NPS with qPCR, saliva significantly contributed to the overall number of detected carriers. Co-carriage of multiple serotypes was detected in 25.3% (40 of 158) of carriers. The results of this study represent a baseline for the future surveillance of effects of pneumococcal vaccines in NIP in Poland.
Funder
Pfizer Investigator Initiated Research project
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference49 articles.
1. CDC. Invasive pneumococcal disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2018. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/invasive-pneumococcal-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2018 (2020).
2. WHO. Pneumococcal vaccines WHO position paper. WER. 94, 85–104 (2019).
3. AlonsoDeVelasco, E., Verheul, A. F. M., Verhoef, J. & Snippe, H. Streptococcus pneumoniae: Virulence factors, pathogenesis, and vaccines. Microbiol. Rev. 59, 591–603 (1995).
4. Pimenta, F. et al. New pneumococcal serotype 15D. J. Clin. Microbiol. 59, e0032921. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00329-21 (2021).
5. Ganaie, F. et al. A new pneumococcal capsule type, 10D, is the 100th serotype and has a large cps fragment from an oral Streptococcus. MBio 11, e00937-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00937-20 (2020).