Abstract
Abstract
Based on our hypothesis for existing microbiota of wall-deficient variants (L-forms) in human blood, we created an innovative methodology, which allowed for the development of L-form populations from blood of all investigated people. In contrast to healthy controls, blood L-forms from autistic children and their mothers converted under appropriate conditions of cultivation into detectable opportunistic bacteria and fungi, а process demonstrated by light and transmission electron microscopy. It can be distinguished into two types of states – “eubiotic” blood microbiota in healthy individuals, and “dysbiotic” in autistic children and their mothers. Remarkably, the unifying finding for autistic children and their mothers was the presence in blood of wall-free variants from life-cycle of filamentous fungi. Increased specific IgG, IgM and IgA, together with typical mold growth were a decisive argument for proven presence of Aspergillus fumigatus in almost all of the autistic children. As it was demonstrated in our previous study, filterable L-forms can be transmitted by vertical pathway from mother to child before birth. Thus, it can be suggested that autistic children may be born already colonized with fungi, while a “silent aspergillosis” could contribute or even be a leading cause for neurodevelopmental disorders in the early childhood.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference44 articles.
1. Proal, A. D., Albert, P. J. & Marshall, T. G. Inflammatory disease and the human microbiome. Discovery medicine 17, 257–265 (2014).
2. Nagy-Szakal, D. et al. Fecal metagenomic profiles in subgroups of patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Microbiome 5, 1 (2017).
3. Markova, N., Slavchev, G. & Michailova, L. Presence of mycobacterial L-forms in human blood: Challenge of BCG vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother 11, 1192–1200 (2015).
4. Markova, N., Slavchev, G., Djerov, L., Nikolov, A. & Dimova, T. Mycobacterial L-forms are found in cord blood: a potential vertical transmission of BCG from vaccinated mothers. Human Vaccines & Immunother 12, 2565–2571 (2016).
5. Markova, N. L-form bacteria cohabitants in human blood: significance for health and diseases. Discovery medicine 128, 305–313 (2017).
Cited by
11 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献