1. Drehobl, A. & Ross L. Lifting The High Energy Burden In America’s Largest Cities: How Energy Efficiency Can Improve Low Income And Underserved Communities (American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Energy Efficiency for All, 2016); https://www.energyefficiencyforall.org/resources/lifting-the-high-energy-burden-in-americas-largest-cities-how-energy/ This study estimates energy burden in the largest US cities and finds that low-income households have an energy burden twice the median household energy burden.
2. Ross, L., Drehobl, A. & Stickles, B. The High Cost of Energy in Rural America: Household Energy Burdens and Opportunities for Energy Efficiency (American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, 2018).
3. 2015 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) (US Energy Information Administration, 2018).
4. Hernández, D. Understanding ‘energy insecurity’ and why it matters to health. Social Science &. Medicine 167, 1–10 (2016). Defines energy insecurity as a three-dimensional construct marked by the interplay between economic, physical and behavioural factors.
5. Higgins, L. & Lutzenhiser, L. Ceremonial equity: low-income energy assistance and the failure of socio-environmental policy. Soc. Prob. 42, 468–492 (1995). Identifies persistent inequalities in the distribution of energy assistance benefits.