Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in subcutaneous fat but not visceral fat, and the disruption of fat lymphocyte homeostasis in both fat tissues in the macaque

Author:

Olivo AnaëlleORCID,Marlin RomainORCID,Lazure Thierry,Maisonnasse PaulineORCID,Bossevot Laetitia,Mouanga Christelliah,Lemaitre Julien,Pourcher Guillaume,Benoist Stéphane,Le Grand Roger,Lambotte Olivier,Dereuddre-Bosquet NathalieORCID,Bourgeois ChristineORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe well documented association between obesity and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection raises the question of whether adipose tissue (AT) is impacted during this infection. Using a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cynomolgus macaques, we detected the virus within subcutaneous AT (SCAT) but not in visceral AT (VAT) or epicardial AT on day 7 post-infection. We sought to determine the mechanisms responsible for this selective detection and observed higher levels of angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2 mRNA expression in SCAT than in VAT. Lastly, we evaluated the immunological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection on AT: both SCAT and VAT T cells showed a drastic reduction in CD69 expression, a standard marker of resident memory T cell in tissue, that is also involved in the migratory and metabolic properties of T cells. Our results demonstrate that in a model of mild infection, SCAT is selectively infected by SARS-CoV-2 although changes in the immune properties of AT are observed in both SCAT and VAT.

Funder

Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales

Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Fondation Bettencourt Schueller

Université Paris-Saclay

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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