Cuticular hydrocarbons are associated with mating success and insecticide resistance in malaria vectors

Author:

Adams Kelsey L.ORCID,Sawadogo Simon P.,Nignan CharlesORCID,Niang AbdoulayeORCID,Paton Douglas G.ORCID,Robert Shaw W.ORCID,South Adam,Wang JenniferORCID,Itoe Maurice A.,Werling Kristine,Dabiré Roch K.,Diabaté Abdoulaye,Catteruccia FlaminiaORCID

Abstract

AbstractAnopheles coluzzii females, important malaria vectors in Africa, mate only once in their lifetime. Mating occurs in aerial swarms with a high male-to-female ratio, where traits underlying male mating success are largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) influence mating success in natural mating swarms in Burkina Faso. As insecticides are widely used in this area for malaria control, we also determined whether CHCs affect insecticide resistance levels. We find that mated males have higher CHC abundance than unmated controls, suggesting CHCs could be determinants of mating success. Additionally, mated males have higher insecticide resistance under pyrethroid challenge, and we show a link between resistance intensity and CHC abundance. Taken together, our results suggest that CHC abundance may be subject to sexual selection in addition to selection by insecticide pressure. This has implications for insecticide resistance management, as these traits may be sustained in the population due to their benefits in mating even in the absence of insecticides.

Funder

Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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