Reorganization of the ancestral sex-determining regions during the evolution of trioecy in Pleodorina starrii

Author:

Takahashi Kohei,Suzuki ShigekatsuORCID,Kawai-Toyooka HirokoORCID,Yamamoto Kayoko,Hamaji Takashi,Ootsuki Ryo,Yamaguchi Haruyo,Kawachi Masanobu,Higashiyama Tetsuya,Nozaki HisayoshiORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe coexistence of three sexual phenotypes (male, female and bisexual) in a single species, ‘trioecy’, is rarely found in diploid organisms such as flowering plants and invertebrates. However, trioecy in haploid organisms has only recently been reported in a green algal species, Pleodorina starrii. Here, we generated whole-genome data of the three sex phenotypes of P. starrii to reveal a reorganization of the ancestral sex-determining regions (SDRs) in the sex chromosomes: the male and bisexual phenotypes had the same “male SDR” with paralogous gene expansions of the male-determining gene MID, whereas the female phenotype had a “female SDR” with transposition of the female-specific gene FUS1 to autosomal regions. Although the male and bisexual sex phenotypes had the identical male SDR and harbored autosomal FUS1, MID and FUS1 expression during sexual reproduction differed between them. Thus, the coexistence of three sex phenotypes in P. starrii is possible.

Funder

MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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