Adult sex ratios: causes of variation and implications for animal and human societies

Author:

Schacht Ryan,Beissinger Steven R.ORCID,Wedekind ClausORCID,Jennions Michael D.,Geffroy BenjaminORCID,Liker András,Kappeler Peter M.ORCID,Weissing Franz J.ORCID,Kramer Karen L.,Hesketh Therese,Boissier Jérôme,Uggla CarolineORCID,Hollingshaus MikeORCID,Székely TamásORCID

Abstract

AbstractConverging lines of inquiry from across the social and biological sciences target the adult sex ratio (ASR; the proportion of males in the adult population) as a fundamental population-level determinant of behavior. The ASR, which indicates the relative number of potential mates to competitors in a population, frames the selective arena for competition, mate choice, and social interactions. Here we review a growing literature, focusing on methodological developments that sharpen knowledge of the demographic variables underlying ASR variation, experiments that enhance understanding of the consequences of ASR imbalance across societies, and phylogenetic analyses that provide novel insights into social evolution. We additionally highlight areas where research advances are expected to make accelerating contributions across the social sciences, evolutionary biology, and biodiversity conservation.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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