An intranasal combination vaccine induces systemic and mucosal immunity against COVID-19 and influenza

Author:

Xing ManORCID,Hu Gaowei,Wang Xiang,Wang Yihan,He Furong,Dai Weiqian,Wang Xinyu,Niu Yixin,Liu Jiaojiao,Liu Hui,Zhang Xiaoyan,Xu Jianqing,Cai Qiliang,Zhou DongmingORCID

Abstract

AbstractDespite prolonged surveillance and interventions, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses continue to pose a severe global health burden. Thus, we developed a chimpanzee adenovirus-based combination vaccine, AdC68-HATRBD, with dual specificity against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. When used as a standalone vaccine, intranasal immunization with AdC68-HATRBD induced comprehensive and potent immune responses consisting of immunoglobin (Ig) G, mucosal IgA, neutralizing antibodies, and memory T cells, which protected the mice from BA.5.2 and pandemic H1N1 infections. When used as a heterologous booster, AdC68-HATRBD markedly improved the protective immune response of the licensed SARS-CoV-2 or influenza vaccine. Therefore, whether administered intranasally as a standalone or booster vaccine, this combination vaccine is a valuable strategy to enhance the overall vaccine efficacy by inducing robust systemic and mucosal immune responses, thereby conferring dual lines of immunological defenses for these two viruses.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Science Foundation of China | Key Programme

Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality

Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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