Pneumonia

Author:

Torres AntoniORCID,Cilloniz CatiaORCID,Niederman Michael S.ORCID,Menéndez Rosario,Chalmers James D.,Wunderink Richard G.ORCID,van der Poll Tom

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Medicine

Reference304 articles.

1. Mandell, L. A. & Niederman, M. S. Aspiration pneumonia. N. Engl. J. Med. 380, 651–663 (2019). A review article about aspiration pneumonia, including new insights about microbial aetiology and antibiotic treatment.

2. Cillóniz, C. et al. Microbial aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia and its relation to severity. Thorax 66, 340–346 (2011).

3. Torres, A. et al. International ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Eur. Respir. J. 50, 1700582 (2017). In these international European and Latin American guidelines, a panel of experts present recommendations about diagnosis, risk factor for antibiotic resistance and type and duration of treatment for HAP and VAP. PICO questions and GRADE methodology were used.

4. Kalil, A. C. et al. Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society. Clin. Infect. Dis. 63, e61–e111 (2016). These guidelines provide risk factors for suspected MDR or XDR microorganisms and recommendations for empirical treatments, use of biomarkers and duration of antibiotic administration.

5. Metlay, J. P. et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An Official Clinical Practice Guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 200, e45–e67 (2019). These guidelines include new recommendations for microbiological diagnostic tests, in particular for empirical treatments in outside and in-hospital patients.

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