Abstract
AbstractPhreatomagmatic eruptions are among the most hazardous types of volcanic eruptions on Earth. Here, we show how rapidly ascended magma interacted with seawater in a shallow sea environment based on a high-resolution timeseries record of a sizeable phreatomagmatic eruption that occurred at the Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba volcano, Ogasawara, on 13 August 2021. The eruption started on the seafloor at a depth of <70 m and breached the sea surface to produce a 16 km-high, water-rich sustained eruption column. The magma volume, ~0.1 km3, including the tuff cone and the pumice raft, is consistent with SO2 emissions estimated from satellite observations and geochemistry. Most eruption and deposit observations can be explained by the effective near-vent accumulation of pyroclasts emitted during jet-seawater interactions fed by magma discharging at a rate of 3–6 × 105 kg/s. Our results contribute to understanding the dynamics and hazards of shallow submarine volcanism.
Funder
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science
Reference65 articles.
1. White, J. D. L., Smellie, J. L. & Clague, D. A. Explosive submarine volcanism. AGU Geophys. Monograph 140, 379 (2003).
2. Houghton, B., White, J. D. L. & Van Eaton, A. R. Phreatomagmatic and related eruption styles. In The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes (Second Edition) (eds Sigurdsson, H. et al.), 537–552 (London, Academic Press, 2015).
3. Thorarinsson, S. et al. The submarine eruption off Westman Islands, 1963-4. Bull. Volcanol. 27, 435–445 (1964).
4. Moore, J. C., Nakamura, K. & Alcaraz, A. The 1965 eruption of Taal volcano. Science 151, 955–960 (1966).
5. Waters, A. C. & Fisher, R. V. Base surges and their deposits: Capelinhos and Taal volcanoes. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 5596–5614 (1971).
Cited by
8 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献