Abstract
Abstract
Background/objectives
Childhood rapid growth and earlier puberty onset have been associated with adult obesity. However, the association between childhood stunting, pubertal timing and adult obesity is unclear. We examined whether the relationship between stunting at age 2 years (y) and body composition at 23 years is mediated by adolescent body mass index, and pubertal development, using the Birth-to-Twenty Plus cohort (South Africa).
Subjects/methods
For 1036 participants, data on anthropometrics between birth and 23 years, maternal factors, and pubertal development (Tanner scale at 9–16 years) were collected. Stunting at 2 years (height-for-age z-score < −2), 5–18 years BMI-for-age trajectories, pubertal development trajectories, and DXA-derived fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) at 23 years were determined. Data were analysed using hierarchical regressions and structural equation models.
Results
Stunting was directly associated with slower pubertal development and with shorter adult stature, but was not associated with adolescent BMI trajectories, adult FM or FFM. However, stunting was indirectly associated with adult FM and FFM through the direct associations between slower pubertal development and lower FM and between shorter height and lower FFM. BMI trajectories were independently associated with FM and FFM.
Conclusions
Being stunted in this population predicted adult body composition through slower pubertal development and shorter adult stature.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Reference54 articles.
1. Ford N, Patel S, Narayan K. Obesity in low- and middle-income countries: burden, drivers, and emerging challenges. Annu Rev Public Health. 2017;38:145–64.
2. Prentice A. The double burden of malnutrition in countries passing through the economic transition. Ann Nutr Metab. 2018;72(Suppl. 3):47–54.
3. UNICEF, WHO, World Bank. Levels and trends in child Malnutrition. Key findings of the 2017 edition. UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates; UNICEF: New York, US, WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, World Bank: Washington DC, US, 2017. https://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/estimates2016/en/.
4. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2018. Building climate resilience for food security and nutrition [Internet]. Rome; 2018. http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/foodsecurity/state-food-security-nutrition-2018-en.pdf?ua=1.
5. Gluckman PD, Hanson MA, Buklijas T. A conceptual framework for the developmental origins of health and disease. J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2010;1:6–18.
Cited by
8 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献