Resequencing of 414 cultivated and wild watermelon accessions identifies selection for fruit quality traits
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Published:2019-11
Issue:11
Volume:51
Page:1616-1623
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ISSN:1061-4036
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Container-title:Nature Genetics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nat Genet
Author:
Guo ShaoguiORCID, Zhao Shengjie, Sun HongheORCID, Wang Xin, Wu ShanORCID, Lin TaoORCID, Ren Yi, Gao LeiORCID, Deng Yun, Zhang Jie, Lu Xuqiang, Zhang Haiying, Shang Jianli, Gong Guoyi, Wen Changlong, He Nan, Tian Shouwei, Li Maoying, Liu Junpu, Wang Yanping, Zhu Yingchun, Jarret Robert, Levi Amnon, Zhang Xingping, Huang SanwenORCID, Fei ZhangjunORCID, Liu WengeORCID, Xu YongORCID
Abstract
Abstract
Fruit characteristics of sweet watermelon are largely the result of human selection. Here we report an improved watermelon reference genome and whole-genome resequencing of 414 accessions representing all extant species in the Citrullus genus. Population genomic analyses reveal the evolutionary history of Citrullus, suggesting independent evolutions in Citrullus amarus and the lineage containing Citrullus lanatus and Citrullus mucosospermus. Our findings indicate that different loci affecting watermelon fruit size have been under selection during speciation, domestication and improvement. A non-bitter allele, arising in the progenitor of sweet watermelon, is largely fixed in C. lanatus. Selection for flesh sweetness started in the progenitor of C. lanatus and continues through modern breeding on loci controlling raffinose catabolism and sugar transport. Fruit flesh coloration and sugar accumulation might have co-evolved through shared genetic components including a sugar transporter gene. This study provides valuable genomic resources and sheds light on watermelon speciation and breeding history.
Funder
National Science Foundation United States Department of Agriculture | National Institute of Food and Agriculture National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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