Futuristic Energy Management Solution: Fuzzy logic controller-Enhanced Hybrid Storage for Electric Vehicles with Batteries and Super Capacitors

Abstract

The core focus of this study was directed towards devising an energy management strategy tailored for hybrid storage systems (HSS) within electric vehicles, with the prime objective of enhancing the longevity of the battery cycle. The batteries employed in electric vehicles (EVs) are prone to expedited deterioration resulting from harsh charging/discharging cycles and the substantial power surges experienced during acceleration and deceleration phases. While an excessively large energy storage system (ESS) could cater to the elevated power requisites, it inevitably grapples with augmented dimensions, bulk, and cost implications. In a bid to surmount these challenges, an innovative approach has been explored: integrating battery and supercapacitor (SC) elements within the HSS. This synergy aims not only to curtail the overall ESS footprint but also to elongate the operational lifespan of the battery. The pivotal concern revolves around constructing an adept energy management scheme that orchestrates the interplay between the primary energy storage component and the SC, a resource in demand by EVs. Central to this study is the proposition of an intelligent energy management strategy, grounded in fuzzy logic controller (FLC), seamlessly embedded within the within the HSS of the EV. To translate these concepts into tangible outcomes, a comprehensive assessment was conducted. By leveraging the capabilities of MATLAB/Simulink software, the state of charge for the super capacitor and the power dynamics of the battery were scrutinized across diverse driving scenarios over distinct time intervals. The standout feature of this investigation lies in the employment of an ingenious FLC strategy, meticulously regulating the energy and flow of power and energy between the battery and super capacitor elements within the HSS of the EV. In a comparative analysis against conventional control methodologies, this approach shines vividly, yielding superior outcomes and cementing its efficacy.