Optimal Design of Microstrip Antenna for UWB Applications using EBG Structure with the Aid of Pigeon Inspired Optimization Technique

Abstract

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has become influential among academic research and industry because of its vast application in the wireless world. However, several drawbacks have in UWB based antenna. To tackle this, EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) structures have proposed. Furthermore, the design of EBG structures is very complex due to the uncertain EBG properties dependence upon unit cell parameters. Therefore, to the optimal design of micro strip antenna for applications of UWB, EBG-PIO (pigeon inspired optimization) on the basis of micro strip patch antenna has been proposed to enhance micro strip antenna’s performance in terms of directivity, gain, bandwidth and efficiency. To select design parameters optimally, the PIO technique is proposed with substrate material of Rogers RT/Duroid 6010 with height h = 1.6 mm. Proposed antenna return loss remains –34.6 dB to cover applications of UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz). Also, results exhibited by both proposed technique and fabricated model-based antenna has outperformed than existing techniques regarding directivity, return loss, bandwidth, gain and radiation efficiency.