Genetic Technologies in Russian Agriculture: Regulatory Issues and Public Opinion

Abstract

This study analyzes the current regulatory system for genetic engineering in Russia in terms of expected amendments related to genome editing technology, given that its products - genome-edited crops - have already appeared on the international market. A list of corresponding concepts that require legal rethinking and definition has been compiled. Changes in the model of state regulation of genetic technologies in Russia are proposed: the transition from a process-oriented regulation system to a risk-based system. To assess the risk of public rejection of the products of genetic technology and new biotechnologies, 931 participants of the opinion poll have been selected who underwent an online sociological survey using purposive sample techniques. The obtained results revealed the innovation potential of the Russian society and experts in the novel genetic and digital technologies in agriculture, their attitude to the threat of global hunger and the application of biodegradable materials and biofuels in relation to the circular economy. genetic technologies, GMOs, regulations, opinion poll, Russia The authors thank the staff of Technological platform Biotech2030, Moscow, Russia This paper is part a study that was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) (project no. 18-29-14067/18).