A Biosensor for Express Assessment of Integral Toxicity of Polymer- and Textile-Based Products

Abstract

Biosensors to assess integral toxicity, which consist of an oxygen electrode and immobilized bacteria (Gluconobacter оxydans B-1280 and Escherichia coli К802) or yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y-1173) have been designed. Model toxic pollutants (phenol, n-nitrophenol, formaldehyde and heavy metal ions Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Cr2O72) were chosen to estimate the concentration, at which 50% inhibition of glucose oxidation (ЕC50) was observed. It was shown that a biosensor based on G. оxydans cells provides the most sensitive detection of toxic pollutants, exhibits long operational stability (36 days) and can be used for the detection of integral toxicity. It was shown that the assessment of the toxicity of industrially manufactured polymer- and textile-based products using the developed biosensors and standard test systems (duckweed Lemna minor and protozoa ciliates Stylonychia mytilus) gave similar results. The proposed biosensors can significantly reduce the analysis time compared to the normatively fixed biotesting methods and can be used as a prototype of serial integral toxicity analyzers. biosensor, toxicity, immobilized bacteria Gluconobacter оxydans, Escherichia coli and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, biotesting This research was supported by the State Task of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (no. FEWG-2020-0008).