1. Ellwod PM. Shattuck lecture. Outcomes management: a technology of patient experience. N Engl J Med. 1988;1549–56.
2. Roper WL, Winkenwerder W, Hackbarth GM, Krakauer H. Effectiveness in health care: an initiative to evaluate and improve medical practice. N Engl J Med. 1988;319:1197–202.
3. QuIC Report to the President. Doing what counts for patient safety: Federal actions to reduce medical errors and their impact. Washington, DC: Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force; 1999; February 21. Available at: http://www.quic.gov. Accessed June 24, 2003.
4. Committee on Quality Health Care in America. Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health Care System for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001.
5. Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, et al. The National Veterans Administration Surgical Risk Study: risk adjustment for the comparative assessment of the quality of surgical care. J Am Coll Surg. 1995;180:519–31.