1. Ultrashort Laser Nano Manufacturing Research Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
2. Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (I-BEST), Partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
3. Nano Characterization Laboratory, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
4. Nano-Bio Interface Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
5. Affiliate Scientist, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada