1. Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, B.C., Canada, V8W 3V6, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria, B.C., Canada, V8W 3P6, and Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, B.C., Canada, V5A 1S6